1. set your goal as providing the best translation from korean to english. 2. for 1, thanks to the amazing translators like Deborah Smith, we can use the mechanism of han kang's korean novel μ†Œλ…„μ΄ μ˜¨λ‹€ to its english novel human acts as example below [korean] to [english]. resonate with how well the translation is made 3. based on 2, i elicited some [general principle] of good translation. understand and feel free to make additional suggestions. | | korean | english | tips | | | ------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [[1πŸ«€μ–‘μ‹¬μ‹¬μž₯]] | μ†Œλ…„μ΄ μ˜¨λ‹€-ν•œκ°•<br><br>ꡰ인듀이 μ••λ„μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°•ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ§Œ μ΄μƒν•œ 건, κ·Έλ“€μ˜ νž˜λ§ŒνΌμ΄λ‚˜ κ°•λ ¬ν•œ 무엇인가가 λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ••λ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€. 양심. κ·Έλž˜μš”, 양심. μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ 제일 λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ 게 κ·Έκ²λ‹ˆλ‹€. ꡰ인듀이 μ˜μ•„ 죽인 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ‹œμ‹ μ„ 리어카에 μ‹€μ–΄ μ•žμ„Έμš°κ³  μˆ˜μ‹­λ§Œμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 총ꡬ μ•žμ— μ„°λ˜ λ‚ , λŠλ‹·μ—†μ΄ λ°œκ²¬ν•œ λ‚΄ μ•ˆμ˜ κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 무엇에 λ‚˜λŠ” λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 더 이상 두렡지 μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œ, μ§€κΈˆ 죽어도 μ’‹λ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œ, μˆ˜μ‹­λ§Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ ν”Όκ°€ λͺ¨μ—¬ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ ν˜ˆκ΄€μ„ 이룬 것 κ°™μ•˜λ˜ μƒμƒν•œ λŠλ‚Œμ„ κΈ°μ–΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ ν˜ˆκ΄€μ— 흐λ₯΄λ©° κ³ λ™μΉ˜λŠ”, μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ±°λŒ€ν•˜κ³  μˆ­κ³ ν•œ 심μž₯의 λ§₯박을 λ‚˜λŠ” λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 감히 λ‚΄κ°€ κ·Έκ²ƒμ˜ 일뢀가 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ... 그사이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‹œκ°€μ „μ—μ„œ ν¬μƒλ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ‚œ μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” 건 λ‹€μŒλ‚  μ•„μΉ¨ ν—Œν˜ˆν•˜λ €λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 끝없이 쀄을 μ„œ 있던 병원듀이 μž…κ΅¬, ν”Ό 묻은 흰 κ°€μš΄μ— 듀것을 λ“€κ³  νν—ˆ 같은 거리λ₯Ό λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ 걷던 μ˜μ‚¬μ™€ κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬λ“€, λ‚΄κ°€ 탄 트럭 μœ„λ‘œ 김에 μ‹Ό μ£Όλ¨Ήλ°₯κ³Ό λ¬Όκ³Ό λ”ΈκΈ°λ₯Ό 올렀주던 μ—¬μžλ“€, ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ©μ²­κ» λΆ€λ₯΄λ˜ 애ꡭ가와 μ•„λ¦¬λž‘λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 기적처럼 μžμ‹ μ˜ 껍데기 λ°–μœΌλ‘œ κ±Έμ–΄ λ‚˜μ™€ μ—°ν•œ 맨살을 λ§žλŒ„ 것 κ°™λ˜ κ·Έ μˆœκ°„λ“€ μ‚¬μ΄λ‘œ, μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ±°λŒ€ν•˜κ³  μˆ­κ³ ν•œ 심μž₯이, λΆ€μ„œμ Έ ν”Ό 흘렸던 κ·Έ 심μž₯이 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜¨μ „ν•΄μ Έ λ§₯λ°•μΉ˜λŠ” κ±Έ λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘μ€ 건 λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έκ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 선생은 μ••λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μžμ‹ μ΄ μ™„μ „ν•˜κ³  κΉ¨λ—ν•˜κ³  μ„ ν•œ μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ κ°•λ ¬ν•œ 것인지. μ–‘μ‹¬μ΄λΌλŠ” λˆˆλΆ€μ‹œκ²Œ κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 보석이 λ‚΄ μ΄λ§ˆμ— 듀어와 λ°•νžŒ 것 같은 μˆœκ°„μ˜ κ΄‘νœ˜λ₯Ό. | Humans Act-Han Kang<br><br>It wasn’t as though we didn’t know how overwhelmingly the army outnumbered us. But the strange thing was, it didn’t matter. Ever since the uprising began, I’d felt something coursing through me, as overwhelming as any army. Conscience. Conscience, the most terrifying thing in the world. The day I stood shoulder to shoulder with hundreds of thousands of my fellow civilians, staring down the barrels of the soldiers’ guns, the day the bodies of those first two slaughtered were placed in a handcart and pushed at the head of the column, I was startled to discover an absence inside myself: the absence of fear. I remember feeling that it was all right to die; I felt the blood of a hundred thousand hearts surging together into one enormous artery, fresh and clean … the sublime enormity of a single heart, pulsing blood through that vessel and into my own. I dared to feel a part of it. | 1. Emotional Resonance: The English version maintains the raw emotional intensity while adapting the structure to feel natural in English<br><br>2. Cultural Recalibration: Concepts like "양심" are translated not just literally ("conscience") but with surrounding context that conveys its full weight<br><br>3. Rhythm Adaptation: Korean's condensed expressions are expanded in English to maintain impact while sounding natural<br><br>4. Imagery Preservation: Key metaphors (blood, hearts, artery) are kept but adjusted to work in English<br><br>5. Interior Voice: The contemplative, personal tone is preserved through careful word choice and pacing | | | [[2πŸ₯병원]] | 병원-μœ€λ™μ£Ό <br><br>μ‚΄κ΅¬λ‚˜λ¬΄ 그늘둜 얼꡴을 가리고 병원 λ’€λœ°μ— λˆ„μ›Œ,<br>μ Šμ€ μ—¬μžκ°€ 흰옷 μ•„λž˜λ‘œ ν•˜μ–€ 닀리λ₯Ό λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄λ†“κ³  μΌκ΄‘μš•μ„ ν•œλ‹€.<br>ν•œλ‚˜μ ˆμ΄ κΈ°μšΈλ„λ‘, κ°€μŠ΄μ„ μ•“λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 이 μ—¬μžλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„μ˜€λŠ” 이, λ‚˜λΉ„ ν•œ λ§ˆλ¦¬λ„ μ—†λ‹€.<br>μŠ¬ν”„μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ€ μ‚΄κ΅¬λ‚˜λ¬΄ κ°€μ§€μ—λŠ” λ°”λžŒμ‘°μ°¨ μ—†λ‹€. <br><br>λ‚˜λ„ λͺ¨λ₯Ό 아픔을 였래 μ°Έλ‹€ 처음으둜 이곳에 μ°Ύμ•„μ™”λ‹€. <br>κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‚˜μ˜ λŠ™μ€ μ˜μ‚¬λŠ” μ Šμ€μ΄μ˜ 병을 λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€. λ‚˜ν•œν…ŒλŠ” 병이 μ—†λ‹€κ³  ν•œλ‹€. <br>이 μ§€λ‚˜μΉœ μ‹œλ ¨, 이 μ§€λ‚˜μΉœ ν”Όλ‘œ, λ‚˜λŠ” μ„±λ‚΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆ λœλ‹€. <br><br>μ—¬μžλŠ” μžλ¦¬μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜ μ˜·κΉƒμ„ μ—¬λ―Έκ³  ν™”λ‹¨μ—μ„œ <br>κΈˆμž”ν™” ν•œ 포기λ₯Ό λ”° κ°€μŠ΄μ— 꽂고 병싀 μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ 사라진닀. <br>λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ—¬μžμ˜ 건강이 β€” μ•„λ‹ˆ λ‚΄ 건강도 μ†νžˆ 회볡되기λ₯Ό 바라며 <br>κ·Έκ°€ λˆ„μ› λ˜ μžλ¦¬μ— λˆ„μ›Œ λ³Έλ‹€. | Hospital by Yoon Dong-ju<br><br>In the hospital's back garden lies a woman, <br>her face veiled by an apricot tree's shadow.<br>She bares her pale legs beneath white garments, taking a sunbath.<br>Half the day passes - to the woman they say is heartsick,<br>not even a butterfly comes.<br>The apricot branches, bearing no sadness themselves,<br>stand without even a breeze.<br><br>I have come here for the first time, <br>after silently bearing a pain I cannot name. <br>Yet an old doctor dismisses a young man's affliction, <br>declaring me free of disease.<br>This excessive trial, this excessive fatigue -<br>I must not let anger take hold.<br><br>The woman rises, drawing her collar close.<br>She plucks a marigold from the garden bed, <br>pins it to her chest, and vanishes into the ward.<br>I lie in the place where she lay, <br>hoping for her swift recovery - no, for both our swift recovery. | 6. Physical-Emotional Ambiguity: Translated κ°€μŠ΄μ„ μ•“λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” as "heartsick" rather than "chest pain" or "heartache" to maintain both medical and emotional interpretations<br> <br>7. Indirect Speech Markers: Added "they say" to translate ο½žλ‹€λŠ”, preserving the hearsay nature without awkward literal translations<br> <br>8. Poetic Compression: Shortened "As the day tilts past noon" to "Half the day passes" while keeping the core temporal meaning and poetic mood<br><br><br><br> | 2024-11-03<br>using [[han_kang]] translation in [[human_acts_korean]], i translated [[2πŸ₯병원]] to english to communicate with [[scott_stern]] | | [[3πŸ¦’κΈ°λ¦°]] | κΈ°λ¦° <br> <br>-ꡬ κ΄‘ λ³Έ <br> <br>λ‚΄κ°€ 그리고 μžˆλŠ” 기린은 <br> <br>λ„€κ°€ 그리고 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°λ¦°κ³ΌλŠ” <br> <br>λ‹€λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†λ‹€ 엉터리 κΈ°λ¦° 그림이라고 <br> <br>λ„ˆλŠ” λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그래 λ‚˜λŠ” κΈ°λ¦° 그림을 <br> <br>κ·Έλ¦° 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 기린을 κ·Έλ Έλ‹€ <br> <br>λ„ˆμ˜ 기린이 점점 ν˜•μ²΄λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”λ©΄μ„œ <br> <br>λ‚˜λ¬΄μ˜ μžŽμ‚¬κ·€μ™€ μ—΄λ§€λ₯Ό λ”°λ¨ΉμœΌλ©° <br> <br>λ„ˆμ˜ 뢓끝에 μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘νžˆλŠ” λ™μ•ˆμ—λ„ <br> <br>λ‚˜μ˜ 기린은 점점 자라 화폭을 뚫고 <br> <br>이저을 λ„˜μ–΄λœ¨λ¦¬κ³€ μ‹œλ©˜νŠΈ λ°”λ‹₯에 <br> <br>μ„ λͺ…ν•œ λ°œμžκ΅­μ„ 남기며 κ±Έμ–΄κ°„λ‹€. | Giraffe<br><br>by Ku Kwang-bon<br><br>The giraffe I am drawing<br><br>must be different from <br> <br>the giraffe you are drawing. Though you say<br><br>mine is a sloppy giraffe drawing, <br><br>I haven't drawn a picture of a giraffe, I've drawn a giraffe.<br><br>While your giraffe gradually takes form,<br><br>plucking leaves and fruits from trees<br><br>captured at the tip of your brush,<br><br>my giraffe keeps growing until it breaks through the canvas,<br><br>topples the easel, and walks away<br><br>leaving clear footprints<br><br>on the cement floor.<br> | 9. line change was challenging, where to leave punctuations. | | | [[4πŸ—ΊοΈmap_of_life]] | **7. κΏˆμ„ μ‚¬μœ‘ν•˜λŠ” 동물원: 재λŠ₯**<br><br>λ…Έλ ₯은 재λŠ₯을 이기지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€.<br><br>재λŠ₯은 더 λ‚˜μ€ 재λŠ₯을 이기지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€.<br><br>더 λ‚˜μ€ 재λŠ₯은 ꡳ이 이기지 μ•ŠμœΌλ € ν•˜λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯μ—κ²Œ 이기지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€.<br><br><br>**9. 더 이상 움직이지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 석상: 체념**<br><br>μ²΄λ…μ˜ μˆœκ°„μ— λͺ¨λ“  μ±…μž„μ€ μ˜¨μ „νžˆ μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ λŒλ¦¬λŠ” 편이 λ‚«λ‹€.<br><br>κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν”Όμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μŠ¬ν””μ€ λ―Έλ ¨μ΄λ‚˜ 뢄노에 μ˜ν•œ 고톡보닀 ν¬κ² μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ‚˜λ§ˆ 미래λ₯Ό 꾸렀갈 μ—¬μ§€λ₯Ό 남겨쀀닀. | **7. The zoo where dreams are raised: Talent**<br><br>Effort won’t beat talent.<br><br>Talent won’t beat better talent.<br><br>Better talent won’t beat effort that intentionally tries not to win.<br><br>**9. The stone statue that doesn’t move any more: Resignation**<br><br>At the moment of resignation, it would be better to completely turn all responsibilities to ourselves.<br><br>The grief will be much bigger than the pain caused by regret or anger, but it will leave room for us to keep going toward the future. | | | | [[Legends of the fallπŸ‚]] | | | | to communicate the ideology with [[matt_cronin]] i translated using [cld](https://claude.ai/chat/dfa19ba4-2a56-4707-a58a-b24d6e5c3db8) | --- what i learned during translation | Translation Aspect | Example from "Hospital" | Learning | Solution | | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Linguistic Ambiguity | κ°€μŠ΄μ„ μ•“λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” (chest pain/heartache) | When Korean uses words with multiple meanings (κ°€μŠ΄ = physical chest + emotional heart), preserve intentional ambiguity | Used "heartsick" to maintain both physical and emotional connotations | | Grammatical Nuances | ο½žλ‹€λŠ” in κ°€μŠ΄μ„ μ•“λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” (hearsay ending) | Korean grammatical endings often carry subtle meanings that need creative preservation | Added "they say" to show the indirect nature of knowledge | | Concision vs. Completeness | Long version: "As the day tilts past noon, not even a single butterfly visits this woman they say is ailing in her heart" β†’ Short version: "Half the day passesβ€”to the woman they say is heartsick, not even a butterfly comes" | Korean packs more meaning into fewer syllables than English; challenge is preserving meaning while maintaining poetic elegance | Compressed meaning without losing essential elements, even if requiring slight structural reorganization |