2024-11-16
| Chapter Number | Chapter Title | Key Message Summary |
|---------------|---------------|---------------------|
| 1 | **The Gap Instinct** | People tend to divide the world into artificial gaps, missing the majority in the middle. Reality is more nuanced, with four income levels globally: 1) Basic survival (water collection, limited electricity) 2) Basic amenities (bicycle, $5000 income) 3) Middle class (motorcycle, plumbing, refrigeration) 4) Wealthy (car ownership, international travel, $35,000+ income). The top 10% holds 40% of income, not just the 0.1% media focuses on. |
| 2 | **The Negativity Instinct** | Humans have a natural tendency to notice and remember negative events more than positive ones, leading to a skewed perception of reality that overemphasizes the bad while overlooking improvements and progress. |
| 3 | **The Straight Line Instinct** | People incorrectly assume trends will continue linearly. Example: Global child population trends show how poverty reduction leads to improved healthcare, lower infant mortality, and eventually lower birth rates - demonstrating complex, non-linear relationships. |
| 4 | **The Fear Instinct** | Fear can overwhelm rational thinking and block factual information from being processed. Illustrated through a Swedish pilot case where fear of blood and Russian language prevented clear thinking. When minds are full of fear, there's no room for facts. |
| 5 | **The Size Instinct** | Tendency to overestimate sizes and magnitudes. Example: CO2 emissions blame on India/China without considering per capita rates or historical context. Numbers need multiple comparisons (yearly, per capita, historical) for proper context. |
| 6 | **The Generalization Instinct** | People tend to make broad generalizations about people, countries, and cultures, missing important nuances and differences within groups. |
| 7 | **The Destiny Instinct** | The belief that innate characteristics determine the fate of people, nations, religions, and cultures. This overlooks gradual social innovations and changes. Even small, slow changes accumulate into significant transformations. |
| 8 | **The Single Perspective Instinct** | Danger in judging country development based on single metrics like democratization or birth rates. Need for multi-dimensional, comprehensive analysis. |
| 9 | **The Blame Instinct** | Tendency to search for culprits rather than understand systemic causes. Example: Refugee boat seizure system needs critique, not individuals. Similar to how different countries named syphilis after other nations, showing blame-shifting tendency. |
| 10 | **The Urgency Instinct** | Caution against using urgency to manipulate (e.g., Gore's climate change graphs). Rush decisions can lead to poor judgment. |
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2022
์ธ์์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์๊ฐํ๋ ๊ฒ๋ณด๋ค ์ข๋ค ์ธ์์ ์๊ณกํด ๋ณด๋ 10๊ฐ์ง ๋ณธ๋ฅ 1~10์ฅ ๋ชจ๋ ์์ 1. gap ์๋์์ค๋ณ 4๋จ๊ณ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณ๋ฒ:ย - ๋ฌผ๊ธท๋๋ฐ 1์๊ฐ, ์ ๊ธฐย - ์์ ๊ฑฐ ๊ตฌ์
๊ฐ๋ฅ, ์๋ 5000, ๋ถ์์ ํ ์ ๊ธฐ - ์คํ ๋ฐ์ด ๊ตฌ์
๊ฐ๋ฅ, ์๋์์ค, ๋์ฅ๊ณ ์ ์ ์ ์๋ฆฌ - ์๋์ฐจ ๊ตฌ์
๊ฐ๋ฅ, ํด์ธ์ฌํ, ์๋ 3.5k์ด์
๋์ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์์ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฎ์ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ค ๋์ด ๋ชจ๋ ๋์ผ ์์10%๊ฐ ์ ์ฒด์๋ 40% (์ธ๋ก ์ด ์์ 0.1%๋ง ๋ณด์ฌ์ค) -> ๋ค์์ ์ฌ๋์ ์๊ฐ
1. negativity more notice of the bad than of the good
2. straight line ์ธ๊ณ ์๋ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ณํ ๊ทธ๋ํ(์ธ๊ตฌํญ๋ฐ ์ผ์ด๋์ง ์๋ ์ด์ : ๊ทน๋น์ธต ์์ด๋ค ํ์ -> ์ฌํ ๋ฐ์ -> ์์ ์ ์ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์ ํ -> ์ถ์ฐ์จ ์ ํ: ๋น๊ฒ์ด์ธ ์ ์ ํ์ ์ธ๋์ฃผ์์ ์ ํ + ์ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ )
3. fear ์ ์ฒด์์ฆ์ผ๋ก ๋ด์ํ ์ค์จ๋ด pilot (ํผ, ๋ฌ์์๋ง) ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์์ด ๊ณตํฌ๋ก ๊ฐ๋์ฐจ ์์ ์ฌ์ค์ด ๋ค์ด์ฌ ํ์ด ์๋ค
4. size ํฌ๊ฒ ๋ถํ๋ ค ์๊ฐ ๋ณธ๋ฅ co2๋ฐฐ์ถ ์ฑ
์์ ์ธ๋, ์ค๊ตญ์ ์ ๊ฐย ์ซ์ -> 1๋
/10๋
์ ?, 1์ธ๋น? -> ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋น์จ ๋น๊ต ํ์์ฑ
5. generalization people and countries ์ผ๋ฐํ
6. destiny ํ๊ณ ๋ ํน์ฑ์ด ์ฌ๋, ๊ตญ๊ฐ, ์ข
๊ต, ๋ฌธํ ์ด๋ช
๊ฒฐ์ -> ์ฌํ ํ์ ๋ณํ ๋ณด์ง ๋ชปํจ. ์ฌ์ํ๊ณ ๋๋ฆฐ ๋ณํ๋ ์์ด๋ฉด ํฐ ๋ณํ, ์ด๋ช
๋ณธ๋ฅ ์ต์ ์ํด ๋๋ ๋ณํ๋ ๋ณํ ์ธ์ง
7. single perspectiveย ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ, ์ ์์ ์ถ์ฐ์จ๋ง ๋ณด๊ณ ํน์ ๋๋ผ ๋ฐ์ ์ฃผ์ฅ์ ์ํ ์
์ฒด์ , ๋ค๊ฐ๋ ๋ถ์ ํ์
8. blame ์ฌ๊ฑด ์์ธ ๋์ ๋น๋ ๋์ ์ฐพ์->๋๋ฏผ ํ์ด ๋ฐฐ๋ ์์ํ๋ ์์คํ
๋น๋ํด์ผ ๋งค๋
์ ์ด๋ฆ์ด ๋๋ผ๋ณ๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ (์ดํ๋ฆฌ์์์ ํ๋์ค๋ณ, vice versa) ํฌ์์์ฐพ์ง ๋ง๊ฒ
9. urgency ๊ณ ์ด์ ๊ธฐํ๋ณํ ๋ค๊ธ๋ณธ๋ฅ ์๊ทน ๋ํ ๋ถํ ๊ฑฐ์
์ท์ฅ์ ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ์ (2๊ฐ์) ๋จ๊ฒจ๋๊ณ ์ฑ
์งํ ์ง์ ์๊ทน๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์จ์ ์์ฒ์ด ๋จ