### Final Grade & Feedback Q1: 15/15 Q2: 15/15 Q3: 15/15 Q4: 10/15 [No quantitative example provided] Q5: 10/10 Bonus: 0/10 **Total: 65/80** --- The Yedioth Group Report Team Monkey Becky Lin / Kohei Banno /Luiz Rodolfo Ribeiro/ Michael Autery/ Young Deuk Hong Q1. Optimizing Weekly Retailer Shipments To address the challenge of determining weekly shipment quantities for each retailer while avoiding both stockouts and excessive returns, we employed the Newsvendor model. Using historical weekly sales data for each of the 50 retailers, we calculated the average demand (μ) and the standard deviation (σ). To achieve a 99% service level, we used the following formula: Order Quantity=μ+2.33⋅σ This ensures each retailer receives sufficient inventory to meet demand in 99% of the weeks, assuming demand is normally distributed. For instance, Retailer 1 had an average weekly demand of 4.27 with a standard deviation of 1.76, resulting in a calculated order quantity of 8.38. We rounded this up to 9 units, since fractional magazines are not practical. Additionally, we are assuming that sell-throughs are minimal, and that suppressed demand is minimized. Applying this methodology across all 50 retailers yielded a total required quantity of 419 magazines 🚨correct ~419🚨 (rounded up from 394.11). A full breakdown is presented in Appendix Q1. This approach helps Yedioth maintain high service levels while minimizing overproduction and improving operational efficiency. 1 9.00 11 9.00 21 6.00 31 10.00 41 8.00 2 10.00 12 7.00 22 10.00 32 6.00 42 9.00 3 4.00 13 5.00 23 11.00 33 8.00 43 7.00 4 5.00 14 6.00 24 5.00 34 6.00 44 6.00 5 7.00 15 9.00 25 15.00 35 8.00 45 4.00 6 8.00 16 12.00 26 7.00 36 7.00 46 11.00 7 8.00 17 9.00 27 7.00 37 8.00 47 11.00 8 24.00 18 4.00 28 14.00 38 6.00 48 4.00 9 9.00 19 10.00 29 5.00 39 7.00 49 6.00 10 7.00 20 8.00 30 15.00 40 15.00 50 7.00 (Table 1: Order Quantity by Customer Number) By applying the newsvendor model, Yedioth can reduce overproduction while maintaining a high service level, offering a practical solution that enhances both customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. Q2. Benefits of Full Inventory Pooling Across All Retailers We next applied the Newsvendor model to the pooled demand across all 50 retailers, treating the group as a single aggregated customer. Using total weekly demand data, we calculated a mean of 189.59 and a standard deviation of 19.99. Applying a z-score of 2.33 for a 99% service level gave an optimal pooled order quantity of 236.16 magazines, which we rounded up to 237. 🚨correct pooling🚨 Compared to the sum of individual retailer quantities from Q1 (419 magazines), full pooling offers a production reduction of 182 magazines per week. (See Appendix Q2 for calculation details.) Q1 Results Full Pooling Production Saved 419.00 237.00 182.00 This reduction highlights the operational benefit of risk pooling, as aggregated demand reduces variability and lowers the safety stock needed. Q3. Partial Pooling by Sales Agent By applying the newsvendor model to each sales agent’s weekly total sales, our team estimated the production required if Yedioth pooled inventory as agent’s group of retailers. For each of the 10 agents, we calculated the average and standard deviation of weekly sales and applied a z-score of 2.33 to ensure a 99% service level. The resulting agent-level order quantities were rounded up and summed, yielding a total production requirement of 293 magazines per week 🚨acceptable agent pooling🚨 (see appendix for details). This is 56 magazines more than full pooling (Q2) and 126 fewer than no pooling (Q1), demonstrating how limited pooling still captures some benefits of aggregation but not as fully as systemwide pooling. Detailed agent-level results are available in Appendix Q3. Agent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean (μ) Std Dev (σ) Safety Stock @99% Order Quantity Rounded up 22.43 5.18 12.06 34.49 35.00 15.83 3.96 9.23 25.06 26.00 12.80 2.80 6.53 19.33 20.00 17.61 3.38 7.88 25.49 26.00 28.04 6.38 14.87 42.92 43.00 22.17 4.32 10.06 32.23 33.00 11.22 2.50 5.83 17.05 18.00 15.65 3.31 7.72 23.38 24.00 27.98 5.70 13.29 41.26 42.00 15.85 4.11 9.59 25.44 26.00 SUM 293.00 diff. q2 56.00 Q4. Leveraging Midweek Sales Agent Visits for Operational Improvements We propose that each retailer provide sales information midweek through the week to enable more responsive inventory management. By collecting this midweek data, the sales agent can adjust inventory levels, either removing excess stock or adding more magazines, based on actual demand observed in the first half of the week. These adjustments would be guided by profit maximizing logic from the newsvendor model, which balances the tradeoff between marginal revenue from additional sales and marginal salvage costs from unsold inventory. This allows for smarter, data driven decisions that reduce overproduction and minimize lost sales. To enable this midweek visibility, we propose implementing RFID for real-time tracking. 🚨specific mechanism🚨 RFID offers reliable and real time tracking of inventory levels at the retailer, which can significantly improve responsiveness and forecasting accuracy. Although capital-intensive, RFID can significantly improve demand visibility and reduce inefficiencies. A cost-benefit analysis is advised to assess the feasibility, particularly for lower-volume retailers. Q5. Organizational Challenges and Change Management Implementing these changes may face resistance, particularly from the Research Department and Sales Agents, due to longstanding cultural norms and incentive structures. A key challenge will be incentive misalignment. Sales agents are currently rewarded based on sales volume, which discourages inventory efficiency and encourages overproduction. To address this, Assaf will need to design a new incentive structure that aligns agent performance with company goals, such as reducing returns, improving forecast accuracy, and maintaining service levels, so that sales agents are motivated to support the change rather than resist it. In addition, Organizational buy-in 🚨multiple stakeholders🚨 can be strengthened through pilot programs, clear communication of financial benefits, and engaging key stakeholders early in the process to champion change. Appendix Q1. Customer Number Mean (μ) Std Dev (σ) 1 4.27 1.76 2 5.45 1.94 3 1.61 0.74 4 1.80 1.19 5 3.09 1.46 6 3.61 1.73 7 3.93 1.60 8 14.43 3.91 9 4.73 1.62 10 3.17 1.37 11 4.00 1.86 12 4.07 1.01 13 2.24 1.11 14 2.46 1.13 15 4.56 1.58 16 6.52 2.01 17 4.78 1.70 18 1.86 0.80 19 5.85 1.76 20 3.25 1.74 21 2.78 1.01 22 4.20 2.15 23 5.14 2.10 24 1.57 1.15 25 8.74 2.39 26 3.15 1.48 27 2.16 1.70 28 6.65 3.11 29 1.94 1.26 30 8.00 2.68 31 4.80 1.94 32 2.59 1.24 33 3.67 1.61 34 2.22 1.30 35 3.95 1.66 36 2.67 1.55 37 3.61 1.58 38 3.40 1.08 39 3.04 1.41 40 9.07 2.51 41 3.70 1.47 42 3.74 2.09 43 3.07 1.47 44 3.38 0.92 45 1.48 0.94 46 6.35 1.92 47 5.51 2.03 48 1.43 1.07 49 2.93 1.27 50 4.00 1.22 Variance Safety Stock @99% Order Quantity 3.11 4.11 8.38 3.77 4.52 9.97 0.55 1.74 3.34 1.41 2.76 4.57 2.13 3.40 6.48 3.00 4.04 7.64 2.57 3.73 7.66 15.32 9.12 23.55 2.61 3.76 8.50 1.88 3.19 6.37 3.47 4.34 8.34 1.02 2.35 6.42 1.23 2.59 4.83 1.28 2.63 5.09 2.50 3.69 8.25 4.03 4.68 11.20 2.89 3.96 8.74 0.65 1.87 3.73 3.11 4.11 9.96 3.03 4.06 7.31 1.02 2.35 5.13 4.61 5.00 9.20 4.40 4.89 10.02 1.32 2.67 4.24 5.71 5.57 14.31 2.18 3.44 6.59 2.90 3.97 6.13 9.65 7.24 13.89 1.58 2.93 4.88 7.20 6.25 14.25 3.76 4.52 9.32 1.54 2.89 5.48 2.58 3.74 7.42 1.69 3.02 5.24 2.76 3.87 7.82 2.40 3.61 6.29 2.51 3.69 7.30 1.17 2.52 5.93 2.00 3.29 6.34 6.28 5.84 14.91 2.17 3.43 7.13 4.38 4.88 8.61 2.15 3.42 6.48 0.84 2.13 5.51 0.88 2.18 3.66 3.69 4.48 10.83 4.11 4.72 10.23 1.13 2.48 3.91 1.61 2.96 5.88 1.50 2.85 6.85 394.11 Rounded up 9.00 10.00 4.00 5.00 7.00 8.00 8.00 24.00 9.00 7.00 9.00 7.00 5.00 6.00 9.00 12.00 9.00 4.00 10.00 8.00 6.00 10.00 11.00 5.00 15.00 7.00 7.00 14.00 5.00 15.00 10.00 6.00 8.00 6.00 8.00 7.00 8.00 6.00 7.00 15.00 8.00 9.00 7.00 6.00 4.00 11.00 11.00 4.00 6.00 7.00 419.00 Q2. Row Labels Sum of Sales 7/14/2008 170 7/21/2008 143 7/28/2008 173 8/11/2008 175 8/18/2008 172 8/25/2008 158 9/1/2008 192 9/15/2008 215 9/21/2008 199 10/27/2008 181 11/10/2008 184 11/17/2008 198 11/24/2008 181 12/8/2008 181 12/15/2008 201 12/22/2008 192 1/5/2009 208 1/12/2009 180 1/19/2009 197 1/26/2009 185 2/9/2009 186 2/16/2009 232 2/23/2009 207 3/9/2009 206 3/16/2009 165 4/20/2009 192 5/11/2009 201 5/18/2009 208 6/8/2009 177 6/15/2009 179 6/22/2009 188 6/29/2009 183 7/13/2009 238 7/20/2009 216 7/27/2009 198 8/10/2009 189 8/17/2009 193 8/24/2009 181 8/31/2009 195 10/12/2009 242 10/19/2009 184 10/26/2009 189 11/9/2009 184 11/16/2009 148 11/23/2009 184 11/30/2009 171 Mean (μ) 189.59 Std Dev (σ) Safety Stock @99% 19.99 46.57 Rounded up Order Quantity 236.16 237.00 Q1 Results Full Pooling Production Saved 419.00 237.00 182.00 Q3. Agent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean (μ) Std Dev (σ) Safety Stock @99% Order Quantity Rounded up 22.43 5.18 12.06 34.49 35.00 15.83 3.96 9.23 25.06 26.00 12.80 2.80 6.53 19.33 20.00 17.61 3.38 7.88 25.49 26.00 28.04 6.38 14.87 42.92 43.00 22.17 4.32 10.06 32.23 33.00 11.22 2.50 5.83 17.05 18.00 15.65 3.31 7.72 23.38 24.00 27.98 5.70 13.29 41.26 42.00 15.85 4.11 9.59 25.44 26.00 SUM 293.00 diff. q2 56.00