# ๐Ÿ—„๏ธbe๐Ÿข ์ฐฝ์—…๊ฐ€-๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™”์˜ ํ‰ํ–‰์ด๋ก  *"์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™”ํ•œ Romer, ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™”ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ"* ## ฯ„ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™”์™€ Romer์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™” ๋น„๊ต | ์ฐจ์› | Romer์˜ ๋‚ด์ƒ์  ์„ฑ์žฅ | ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ฯ„ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™” | |------|-------------------|----------------| | **ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ „ํ™˜** | ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ์šด(luck)์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ(choice)์œผ๋กœ | ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์•ฝ(constraint)์—์„œ ์„ค๊ณ„(design)๋กœ | | **๋‚ด์ƒํ™” ๋Œ€์ƒ** | R&D ํˆฌ์ž โ†’ ํ˜์‹  โ†’ ์„ฑ์žฅ | ์ •๋ณด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ โ†’ ฯ„ ์„ ํƒ โ†’ ์ ์‘๋ ฅ | | **๊ณ„์ธต ๊ตฌ์กฐ** | ๊ฐœ์ธ R&D โ†’ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง€์‹ โ†’ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ | ์ •๋ณด โ†’ ์•ฝ์†(ฯ†) โ†’ ์—ด๋ง(ฮผ,ฯ„) | | **ํ˜์‹  ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜** | ์ง€์‹์˜ ๋น„๊ฒฝํ•ฉ์„ฑ(non-rivalry)์ด ์ˆ˜ํ™•์ฒด์ฆ ์ฐฝ์ถœ | ๋ชจํ˜ธ์„ฑ์˜ ์˜ต์…˜๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ด‡ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ฐฝ์ถœ | | **๊ท ํ˜•์ ** | R&D ํˆฌ์ž๋Ÿ‰ ์ตœ์ ํ™” | ฯ„* = f(V/iร—c) ์ตœ์ ํ™” | ## ์ง€์‹์˜ ๋น„๊ฒฝํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€ ์—ญํ•  ### Romer์˜ ํ†ต์ฐฐ - ์ง€์‹์€ ๋น„๊ฒฝํ•ฉ์žฌ: ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์—… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ - ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ positive spillover๋กœ ๊ณผ์†Œํˆฌ์ž ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ - **์ •๋ถ€ ๊ฐœ์ž… ์ •๋‹นํ™”**: R&D ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ, ํŠนํ—ˆ ์ œ๋„ ### ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ - ์ง€์‹์€ ์žˆ์–ด๋„ **integration cost (i)** ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ชปํ•จ - ์ •๋ถ€์˜ measurement infrastructure๊ฐ€ i๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถค - **ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋ผ-Argonne ์‚ฌ๋ก€**: 6๊ฐœ์›” โ†’ 3์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ถ• ## ์ด์ค‘ ์žฌ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ํ™”์˜ ๊ณ„๋ณด | ๋‹จ๊ณ„ | Romer | ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ | ๊ณตํ†ต ํ†ต์ฐฐ | |------|-------|----------|----------| | **1์ฐจ ๋ณ€ํ™˜** | ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•จ์ˆ˜ โ†’ ์ง€์‹์ƒ์‚ฐํ•จ์ˆ˜ | ์„ฑ๊ณตํ™•๋ฅ  โ†’ ์•ฝ์†์ˆ˜์ค€(ฯ†) | ์ˆจ์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ | | **2์ฐจ ๋ณ€ํ™˜** | ์ง€์‹ โ†’ R&D ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ • | ์•ฝ์† โ†’ ์—ด๋ง(ฮผ) + ์ง‘์ค‘๋„(ฯ„) | ์„ ํƒ์˜ ๋‚ด์ƒํ™” | | **์ •์ฑ… ํ•จ์˜** | R&D ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ, ํŠนํ—ˆ | ์ธก์ • ์ธํ”„๋ผ, ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” | ์‹œ์žฅ ์‹คํŒจ ๊ต์ • | ## ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ Romer๊ฐ€ "์„ฑ์žฅ์€ ์šด์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ ํƒ"์ž„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋“ฏ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์€ ์ œ์•ฝ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ค๊ณ„"์ž„์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. *๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์™ธ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด์ƒ์  ์„ ํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ผœ human agency๋ฅผ ๋ณต์›ํ•œ๋‹ค.*